Muscle Name

Location

Action

Origin

Insertion

Temporalis

Temple

Elevates mandible; lateral excursion

Temporal lines and temporal fossa

Coronoid process of mandible; anterior mandibular ramus

Masseter

Cheek in front of ear

Elevates mandible (raises lower jaw)

Zygomatic arch

Lateral surface of mandibular ramus

Trapezius

Upper shoulder

Elevates clavicle;
Extends neck

Occipital bone; spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae

Clavicle and Scapula

Sternocleidomastoid

Side of neck

Rotates head;
Flexes head toward shoulder

Clavicle and Manubrium

Mastoid process of temporal bone

Deltoid

Shoulder

Abduction at shoulder

Clavicle and scapula

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Biceps brachii

Front of upper arm

Flexion at elbow and shoulder

Short head: coracoid process of scapula

Long head: glenoid tubercle of scapula

Tuberosity of radius

Triceps brachii

Back of upper arm

Extension at elbow

Lateral head: humerus

Medial head: humerus

Long head: glenoid

Olecranon process of ulna (elbow)

Abdominal muscles
    External oblique
    Internal oblique
    Rectus abdominus

Front and side of abdomen

Flex trunk (vertebral column); depress ribs (as in forced exhalation)

Superior surface of pubis around symphysis

Inferior surfaces of costal cartilages and xiphoid process

Pectoralis major

Front of upper chest

Flexion, adduction, and medial rotation of shoulder

Cartilage of ribs 2-6, body of sternum, inferomedial clavicle

Humerus (crest of greater tubercle and lateral lip of intertubercular groove

Latissimus dorsi

Upper back

Extension, adduction, and rotation of shoulder

Spinous proc. of  thoracic and lumbar vert.

Humerus