Anatomy Review: Skeletal Muscle Tissue
Study Questions on Anatomy Review: Skeletal Muscle Tissue
1. What is the main function of skeletal muscles?
Contraction; movement of skeleton; maintenance of posture
2. List the three types of contractile cells of the body.
Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle
3. Match the following types of contractile cells to their shape (branching, elongated, spindle-shaped):
___Elongated________ a. Skeletal muscle cells
___Branching________ b. Cardiac muscle cells
___Spindle-shaped____ c. Smooth muscle cells
4. Match the following types of contractile cells to the characteristics of their nuclei and presence or absence of striations:
Cardiac Muscle Cells Smooth Muscle Cells Skeletal Muscle Cells
_Cardiac__________________ a. presence of visible striations & single, centrally-located nuclei
_Skeletal__________________ b. presence of visible striations & multiple peripheral nuclei
_Smooth__________________ c. absence of visible striations & single, centrally-located nuclei number of nuclei
5. What is the name of the structure that attaches skeletal muscles to bones?
Tendons
6. Bundles of skeletal muscle cells are called __fascicles______________.
7. The connective tissue which immediately surrounds a muscle is called _epimysium__ and the connective tissue around the fascicles is called _perimysium__.
8. Match these terms to their description:
T tubules
Terminal cisternae
Sarcolemma
Muscle fibers
Mitochondria
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Myofibril
__Terminal cisternae___________ a. Sac-like regions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum that contain calcium ions.
__Mitochondria_______________ b. Sites of ATP synthesis.
__Sacrolemma________________ c. Plasma membrane of the muscle cell.
__Muscle fibers______________ d. Alternative name for skeletal muscle cells.
__Sarcoplasmic reticulum______ e. Interconnecting tubules of endoplasmic reticulum that surround each myofibril.
__T-tubules_________________ f. Invaginations of the sarcolemma that project deep into the cell.
__Myofibrils_________________ g.. Contains the contractile filaments within the skeletal muscle cell.
9. What are the names for the two types of filament in a myofibril?
Actin, myosin
10.What creates the skeletal muscle cell's striated appearance?
Sarcomeres (arranement of thick and thin myofilaments)
11. Match the following:
A band I band H zone
________I______ a. Contains only thin filaments.
________H______ b. Contains only thick filaments.
________A_____ c. Contains both thin and thick filaments.
12. Perpendicular to the myofilaments are the Z lines. The Z lines connect the _actin (thin)__ filaments.
13. The region of the myofibril between two Z lines that is the contractile unit of a muscle cell is called a _sarcomere__ .
14. Arrange the following from smallest structure to largest structure:
3. Muscle cell or muscle fiber
4. Fascicle
1. Myofilaments
5. Whole skeletal muscle
2. Myofibril